FSS 25 Nutrition

Vocabulary/important concepts for Chapter 7


 

Fat-soluble vitamins

Water-soluble vitamins

Carotenoids

Retinol

Retinal

Retinoic acid

 

Vitamin K and blood clotting

Thrombin

Fibrin

Vitamin K deficiency and hemorrhage

 

Beta-carotene

Liver as storage

Cornea

Retina

Rhodopsin

Vitamin A in vision

Vitamin A in protein synthesis and cell

  differentiation

Vitamin A in reproduction and growth

Vitamin A in immune function

Vitamin A in bone growth

Beta-carotene as antioxidant

Night blindness

Xerosis

Keratinization

Vitamin A and infections

Vitamin A toxicity and birth defect

Retinol activity equivalents (RAE)

Vitamin A sources

Precursors of vitamin D (cholesterol and 

  food sources)

Vitamin D as a hormone

Liver and kidneys in vitamin D synthesis

Vitamin D in maintenance of blood

   calcium and phosphorus

Vitamin D functions in bone, intestine 

   and kidneys 

Rickets

Osteomalacia in adults

Osteoporosis

Vitamin E as antioxidant

Vitamin E and CVD

Free radicals

Oxidative stress

Vitamin K and bacteria in GI tract

Vitamin K and newborn infants

 

B vitamins and coenzymes

Thiamin and energy metabolism

Beriberi

Thiamin and heart failure

Alcohol and thiamin absorption

Riboflavin and energy transformation

Riboflavin deficiency

Riboflavin and ultraviolet light

Niacin and tryptophan

Niacin and energy metabolism

Pellagra

3D (diarrhea, dermatitis and dementia)

Niacin toxicity

Biotin and GI bacteria

Biotin and energy/amino acid

Metabolism

Biotin and raw eggs

Pantothenic acid and coenzyme A

Vitamin B6 and amino acid metabolism

Vitamin B6 and red blood cell formation

Vitamin B6 and neurotransmitters

Vitamin B6 toxicity

Folate and DNA synthesis

Folate and homocycteine

Folate and heart disease

Folate and neural tube defects

Spina bifida

Folate and megaloblastic anemia

Dietary folate equivalents (DFE)

Vitamin B12 and HCl

B12 and intrinsic factor

B12 reabsorption

B12 and nerve cells

B12 and folate

B12 and pernicious anemia

Vitamin C and collagen systhesis

Vitamin C as antioxidant

Vitamin C and cold

Vitamin C and iron absorption

Scurvy

 

  

 


 

Review questions

 

Q1

Q1-1.  What are symptoms of folate deficiency and vitamin B12 deficiency, and how do they occur respectively?

 

 

 

Q1-2.  Why is it difficult to diagnose vitamin B12 deficiency?

 

Q2

Q2-1. What is the relationship between alcoholism and thiamin deficiency?

 

Q2-2. What are thiamin deficiency symptoms?

 

Q2-3. What foods are thiamin sources in foods?

 

 

Q3

Q3-1. What are vitamin K sources in foods and others?

 

Q3-2. Why do newborn infants need to receive vitamin K?